What defines a Centralized RAN (C-RAN)?

A Centralized RAN (C-RAN) is characterized primarily by the use of a centralized pool of computing resources. This architecture involves consolidating the baseband processing functions into a central location, which allows for more efficient use of processing power, reduced costs, and improved performance scalability. By pooling resources, C-RAN can provide more flexibility and adaptability to varying network demands, enabling operators to manage resources more effectively.

This approach contrasts with the decentralized use of resources, which would not capture the essence of what makes C-RAN efficient and effective. The distribution of computing across multiple data centers would imply a more fragmented approach, which would not yield the benefits associated with centralized resource management. Lastly, while integration with traditional RAN may occur, it is not the defining characteristic of a C-RAN; rather, the focus is on centralization and resource pooling.